Reproduced, with permission, from:
Tolba, M., O. A. El-Kholy, E. El-Hinnawi, M. E. Holdgate, D. F. McMichael and R. E. Munn, eds. 1992. The world environment 1972-1992: Two decades of challenge, 766-67, 779. London: Chapman and Hall.
Regional UN security and economic arrangements
The original post-war regional arrangements for
international peace and security have evolved into fora
concerned with a broader range of issues. For example,
the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) evolved
into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Its mandate has expanded from promoting regional peace
and security to accelerating economic growth and co-
operation among its members. Co-operation in the field
of environment commenced in 1977, and is today reflected
in the third ASEAN Environment Programme (1988- 1992),
adopted by the Third ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on the
Environment (UNEP/ASEAN, 1988).
In Asia and the Pacific, ASEAN co-operation on
the environment began in 1977 when a draft Sub-Regional
Environmental Programme (ASEP I) was prepared. The ASEAN
Experts Croup on the Environment (AEGE) has met annually
since 1977: in 1990 it was replaced by Ministers with a
group of ASEAN Senior Officials on the Environment
(ASOEN) which is co-ordinated by the member countries on
a three-year rotation and is designed to ensure the co-
ordinated planning and implementation of regional
environmental programmes. ASEAN countries have adopted
several official declarations and agreements including
the Manila Declaration on Heritage Parks and Reserves,
the Bangkok Declaration on the ASEAN Environment (1984),
an Agreement on the Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources (1985), and a Jakarta Resolution on
Sustainable Development (1987).